Quinceañeras originated from the Aztec, Mayan, Incan and Toltec peoples, indigenous groups of Central and South America, and were later adapted by the Spanish who added the element of a Catholic mass. Quinces have been celebrated for a long time—since the 1500s—and have traditionally been held to celebrate a girl’s fifteenth birthday. Though American culture may consider 15 a ways from adulthood, a quince is considered by many to be a celebration of a girl becoming a woman. In Mexican, Latinx and Hispanic cultures, they are a big deal (which is why you’re here).
Traditional quinces, in a nutshell, look like this:
- The birthday human, called the quinceañera, wears a gorgeous gown.
- Everyone attends a religious mass before the fiesta.
- There’s a Court of Honour, made up of the quinceañera’s friends and/or extended family members.
- At the party, the quinceañera dances with her family, eats delicious food and participates in some symbolic rituals that represent the transition from girlhood to womanhood.
- The decorations, food and dress are elaborate, so quinces can cost more than weddings.
- In the U.S., quinceañera celebrations are often catered toward friends, while in Latin America, quinces are often more focused on family.
- For many quinceañeras, the party is considered secondary to the religious ceremony.
Helpful vocabulary tips
- An a, o or x at the end of Quinceañer– accounts for the gender of the guest of honour: “a” is for those who identify as girls, “o” is for those who identify as boys and non-binary or gender-fluid individuals might prefer “x.” If you’re unsure, you can ask the guest of honour what pronouns they use, ask someone close to them, check their socials or use the gender-neutral “quince años.”
- Quinceañera/o is the name of the celebration itself and the guest of honour. A longer version of the celebration name is “fiesta de quince años,” and a shorter version is “quince.”
- Feliz Cumpleaños is Spanish for “Happy Birthday.”
- Damas are maids of honour in the guest of honour’s court.
- Chambelanes are chamberlains, or escorts, in the guest of honour’s court.